UN Women Transparency Portal

Region:Asia Pacific Current UN Women Plan Period Afghanisthan:2018-2022

World Bank Income Classification:Low Income

Least Developed Country:Yes

Gender Inequality Index:0.575

Gender Development Index:0.723

Population:209,497,025 Male:19,976,265 (9.5%) Female:189,520,760 (90.5%)

Disclaimer

outcome XM-DAC-41146-TZA_D_1.1

Electoral Frameworks and arrangements promote gender balance in elections.

Result: Towards strengthening the capacity of the National Electoral Commission (NEC) of Tanzania to ensure promotion of gender balance in elections processes, a draft of the Gender Strategy for NEC was developed already in 2021, and further finalized in 2022. The NEC Gender Strategy recognizes the need to enhance women’s participation in political processes not only as voters but also as candidates as well as their strong presence in the management of elections as election administrators. It also looks at institutional arrangements of the NEC including staffing, as well as structures and tools that need to be improved to promote effective leadership and participation of women in the entire Commission. The strategy serves as a key pathway to strengthen women’s participation and leadership in electoral processes. During the previous years, UN Women has supported both Government of Tanzania mainland and Zanzibar to develop their own gender strategies. The gender strategy in the National Assembly in mainland has recently led to com mitments to establish a gender desk in the National Assembly. The Political Parties (Amendment) Act (PPA) 2019 incorporates principles of gender equality, youth, and social inclusion in leadership and political participation, including prevention of Violence Against Women in Politics (VAWP) in political processes. Despite of the significant progress, currently neither the PPA nor any law in Tanzania obligates political parties to increase the number of women leaders or, for example, set up a quota for women leaders inside the parties. Since political candidates are required to go through the political party system, this creates major obstacles for women Nonetheless, the ability of members of the Tanzania Women's Parliamentary Group (TWPG) - which is the women's caucus in the Parliament of Tanzania - to make submissions to the Law Reform Commission on the need for reforms of the Elections Act and Political Parti es Ac t, and having the institution consider them demonstrates that women leaders have adequate skills to promote gender balance in electoral processes. Evidence: National Electoral Commission (NEC) Gender Strategy. UN Women contribution : UN Women has a Gender Specialist based in Dodoma (the national capital of Tanzania) who is supporting National Electoral Commission (NEC), Tanzania Women's Parliamentary Group (TWPG) and other key UN Women partners to advance gender balance in elections.

outcome XM-DAC-41146-TZA_D_1.2

A cadre of interested, diverse and capable women political leaders is formed and supported to take up leadership roles in gender sensitive political institutions

Result: Umoja wa Wanawake Wawakilishi Zanzibar (UWAWAZA), the Association of Women Members of House of Representatives Zanzibar and Tanzania Women Parliamentary Group (TWPG) represent some of the most strategic entry points for UN Women’s legislative work. UN Women’s approach to develop a strategic plan for both institutions was an important initiative to strengthen their capacity and sustainability in mainstreaming gender in parliamentary functions. In December 2022, when conducting the final evaluation of Wanawake Wanaweza II, the Speaker of the Zanzibar House of Representatives (ZHoR) noted how there was currently a larger number of women raising motions in the House. The Steering Committee for UWAWAZA also agreed to develop a resource mobilization plan to increase the sustainability of UWAWAZA; a draft plan was developed for UN Women’s review and technical support. Also, the ability of TWPG members to make submissions to the Law Reform Commission on the need for reforms of the Elections Act and Political Parties Act and having the institution consider seriously demonstrate increased capacity to promote women’s rights in gender sensitive institutions. Various knowledge products developed with UN Women’s support have the potential to improve capacity building of individual women members of parliament, male champions, political parties etc. Nonetheless, without facilitating institutionalization of these knowledge products within targeted entities it will be difficult to ensure their sustainability. The leadership challenges within the Tanzania Women's Cross-Party Platform hindered engagement with TWCP and opportunities to advance WLPP within political parties by working with women's wings of political parties. However, an analysis on the functioning of women’s wings of political parties is being finalized to generate information on strengths and weaknesses and recommendations on how better to support TWCP and women’s wings. On 21 st December 2022, the university of Dar es Salaam convened a meeting to validate and share findings on the study of Political Parties’ Women Wings and women’s political participation in Tanzania. The meeting was held at the Council’s Chamber at the University of Dar es Salaam, and it was attended by 60 participants (39 females and 24 males) including members of the NEC Strategy committee and two participants from the University of Dar es Salaam. The study was a qualitative analysis which sought to investigate the effectiveness of women wings in enhancing women’s political participation. Data was collected in six regions namely, Mbeya, Mwanza, Arusha, Dodoma, Mtwara and Mjini Magharibi. Five registered political parties - CCM, CHADEMA, CUF, ACT Wazalendo and NCCR Mageuzi - with representation in the 2015-2020 Union Parliament were selected as case studies for the analysis. The findings of the study show that, even though women wings are a constitutional feature of all examined political parties, the leadership of the parties is male dominated. Women are made to hold only deputy positions, like deputy chairperson, deputy general secretary and other related positions. The following challenges were presented, a) lack or shortage of resources from the local government to run women wings’ activities. These resources include direct financing and facilities such as offices; b) negative attitudes towards women in the society, which hinder women from exercising their political rights; c) poor leadership skills of women wings’ leaders, and d) male dominance and the patriarchal context which make it hard for women to exercise leadership and their political rights. Recommendations were made to strengthen women wings as an avenue to promote women’s political participation. Firstly, the government must ensure there is political space for parties to conduct their political activities. Secondly, the government should ensure that there is an independent electoral commission, which will ensure free and fair elections with deliberate efforts to promote inclusive elections. Thirdly, the government should invest in women’s capacity building by providing training to the party leaders and women wings to strengthen their abilities to promote GEWE. Evidence: Validation meeting of the study on Political Parties’ Women Wings. UN Women contribution: UN Women has a full-time Gender Specialist based in Dodoma and a Project Manager based in Zanzibar to support the women political leaders in both Tanzania mainland and in Zanzibar.

outcome XM-DAC-41146-TZA_D_1.4

Selected legislation, policies and justice system are gender-responsive and promote women's rights and gender equality

UN Women supported to maintain momentum for review of the minimum age of marriage, through continued engagement in various advocacy initiatives at grassroots and national level. The interventions included: Draft consolidated report on regional consultations conducted on the amendment of the Law of marriage Act 1977 was developed. Support to the Ministry of Constitution and Legal Affairs (MoCLA) to conduct regional consultations Dar es Salaam, Lindi, Mtwara, Shinyanga and Mara and Tanga on the amendment of the Law of Marriage Act (LMA). Positive feedback is being received and - wide support from the communities for raising the age of marriage for girls and boys to 18 (and sometimes even higher up to 25 years for girls and 30 years for boys). A final draft report on the assessment of discriminatory laws from a gender perspective in Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar was finalised. The information from the report has fed into ongoing programme designs for the CO including the ‘EU proposal on ‘Ending Violence Against Women & Girls and Advancing Women’s Leadership in the Public Sector in Zanzibar & Tanzania Mainland’, and it has further fed into the finalisation of the Tanzania UNSDCF 2022 - 2027 process (indicator, target setting) at country level. A position paper with a call for action to improve girls’ rights in the country and amend the minimum age of marriage was developed and presented by 223 girls and young women to UN Women Executive Director and the Minister for Community Development, Gender, Women and Special Groups during the commemoration of the International Day of the Girl Child. Action plan for the URT which identifies key strategies to support implementation, and advocacy related to the prioritized areas for reform of discriminatory laws was developed during the reporting period. In 2022, the UN Women Tanzania Office advanced the capacity of women living with disabilities and Organisations of Persons living with Disabilities (OPDs) to participate effectively in national policy processes through participation in the evaluation of National Plan of Action to end Violence Against Women and Children 2017/18 – 2021/22 (NPA/VAWC) and development of its successor plan, as well as the development of 2023 SDGs Voluntary National Report. Strategic issues focused on women with disabilities have been included in the evaluation report of the National Plan of Action to End Violence Against Women and Children 2017/18 – 2021/22 (NPA-VAWC). A working paper and position paper on the inclusion of these issues were developed and presented to the NPA-VAWC Government Evaluation Secretariate by women living with disabilities and OPDs. Persons with disabilities also made key contributions to the content of the 2023 SDGs Voluntary Rational Report. During a consultation meeting held among women living with disabilities and OPDs, including women led OPDs, they raised the awareness of persons with disabilities on the importance of voicing their needs in national normative reporting processes. The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) process in Tanzania provided crucial opportunities to utilize the UPR recommendations to enhance the implementation of recommendations from other human rights mechanisms. For example, building on the UPR process, UN Women provided technical support to the two gender ministries in Mainland and Zanzibar to ensure that they continued leading the process of developing and finalizing Tanzania’s 9th periodic CEDAW report. Since the preparations of the UPR and CEDAW national reports were taking place simultaneously, during discussions with the two Gender Ministries, the CEDAW recommendations were thematically linked to gender related UPR recommendations to ensure consolidated data collection and discussions and to encourage synergies, taking advantage of the UPR mechanism as a key entry point for engagement and advocacy. UN Women, as part of the UN UPR Secretariate (which includes UNFPA, UN Women, UNDP, UNICEF, OHCHR), prepared the gender analysis of the Tanzania UPR recommendations that were presented to the Development Partners Group (DPG-Main) and the separate DPG on Gender Equality (DPG GE) in 2022. Tanzania received 252 UPR recommendations out of which 167 were accepted and enjoy the support of the administration, 20 were partially accepted, and 65 were “noted” (not accepted). 36% of the accepted recommendations had gender specific considerations. A trainer’s manual for the Gender Bench Book on women’s Rights (GBB) in Tanzania has been developed to roll out the GBB, the manual acts as a guiding tool to trainers for planned gender-sensitive trainings to judicial officers including judges and magistrates and 20 (12 females and 8 males) TOTs trained. A technical working with 45 participants including: TAWJA members, Judiciary, Retired Judges (experts); relevant Government Ministries, Representatives from Institute of Judicial Administration, Representative from Law School of Tanzania, CSO Partners, DPs and UN Women was held to forward looking on how to move the GBB rollout forward in a more sustainable way and a road map was developed. A pre-testing meeting for the trainer’s manual was conducted with 25 female participants including Judges of the Court of Appeal, Magistrates and High Court Judges. 20 judicial officers (12 females and 8 males) including judges and resident magistrates have undertaken a TOT (training of trainers) on the trainer’s manual for the Gender Bench Book on women’s Rights (GBB). Among other topics covered by the training includes GBV and crime handling, Women’s and children’s international, regional and local human rights laws. The TOTs will roll out the training of Judges and magistrates in Tanzania on the GBB. Gender Analysis in Primary Courts: case study of selected courts in Mara and Rukwa regions has been conducted. 120 GBV/VAW judgements were collected in two regions and the judgements analyzed to understand the trends in adjudication from a gendered perspective in 20 Primary Courts in Sumbawanga Region (Rukwa and Katavi Districts) and Mara Region (Musoma and Serengeti Districts). The study findings will act as baseline study to understand the prevailing situation of GBV cases as revealed in judgments and other decisions in primary courts. Result: In 2022, the Coalition for Women Human Rights Defenders launched its first ever strategic plan and jointly charted the course forward to ensure that women human rights defenders can safely continue to uphold human rights, improve societies, and make the realization of women’s rights a reality every day. UN Women in partnership with OHCHR further supported the learning session during the commemoration of International Day of Women Human Rights Defenders Tanzania attended by 126 WHRDs from all regions in Tanzania, under the theme: “Creating a Safer Working Environment for Women Human Rights Defenders in Tanzania”. The strategic plan and learning session were used as tools to secure commitment and collaboration from actors including the government to strengthen the protection mechanisms for women human rights defenders and women’s rights activists. UN Women contribution included: Coordination and further review of the various report drafts to ensure authenticity. Development of presentation, supporting 6 participants from Tanzania to attend the meeting including one UN Women staff and 5 government officials from strategic Ministries engaged in law review processes. Resource mobilization to get the participants to attend the meeting. Participation in national consultations on the amendment of the law on the age of marriage in Dar es salaam region and technical support for the development of the draft report on community consultations for amendment of the Law of Marriage Act. Delivery of presentations on various topics including recent studies on women with disabilities.

outcome XM-DAC-41146-TZA_D_1.5

Strengthen the policy and financial environment to enable gender-responsive national adaptation and effective monitoring of the SDGs

This outcome is no longer existed as per the new WCII prodoc. Outcome 1.5 and 1.6 of WCII are reported under outcome 1.7. RMS was revised as per the new prodoc in October 2022 All the indicators under these outcomes are no longer required to report as per the new WCII prodoc. All indicators of WCII are reported under outcome 1.7. RMS was revised as per the new prodoc in October 2022

outcome XM-DAC-41146-TZA_D_1.6

Strengthen the production of gender statistics to enable the monitoring of national policies and reporting commitments under the SDGs.

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